Wolf Predation Essays - Predation, LotkaVolterra Equations, Caribou

Wolf Predation Effects of Wolf Predation Abstract: This paper discusses four hypotheses to explain the effects of wolf predation on prey populations of large ungulates. The four proposed hypotheses examined are the predation limiting hypothesis, the predation regulating hypothesis, the predator pit hypothesis, and the stable limit cycle hypothesis. There is much research literature that discusses how these hypotheses can be used to interpret various data sets obtained from field studies. It was concluded that the predation limiting hypothesis fit most study cases, but that more research is necessary to account for multiple predator - multiple prey relationships. The effects of predation can have an enormous impact on the ecological organization and structure of communities. The processes of predation affect virtually every species to some degree or another. Predation can be defined as when members of one species eat (and/or kill) those of another species. The specific type of predation between wolves and large ungulates involves carnivores preying on herbivores. Predation can have many possible effects on the interrelations of populations. To draw any correlations between the effects of these predator-prey interactions requires studies of a long duration, and statistical analysis of large data sets representative of the populations as a whole. Predation could limit the prey distribution and decrease abundance. Such limitation may be desirable in the case of pest species, or undesirable to some individuals as with game animals or endangered species. Predation may also act as a major selective force. The effects of predator prey coevolution can explain many evolutionary adaptations in both predator and prey species. The effects of wolf predation on species of large ungulates have proven to be controversial and elusive. There have been many different models proposed to describe the processes operating on populations influenced by wolf predation. Some of the proposed mechanisms include the predation limiting hypothesis, the predation regulating hypothesis, the predator pit hypothesis, and the stable limit cycle hypothesis (Boutin 1992). The purpose of this paper is to assess the empirical data on population dynamics and attempt to determine if one of the four hypotheses is a better model of the effects of wolf predation on ungulate population densities. The predation limiting hypothesis proposes that predation is the primary factor that limits prey density. In this non- equilibrium model recurrent fluctuations occur in the prey population. This implies that the prey population does not return to some particular equilibrium after deviation. The predation limiting hypothesis involves a density independent mechanism. The mechanism might apply to one prey - one predator systems (Boutin 1992). This hypothesis predicts that losses of prey due to predation will be large enough to halt prey population increase. Many studies support the hypothesis that predation limits prey density. Bergerud et al. (1983) concluded from their study of the interrelations of wolves and moose in the Pukaskwa National Park that wolf predation limited, and may have caused a decline in, the moose population, and that if wolves were eliminated, the moose population would increase until limited by some other regulatory factor, such as food availability. However, they go on to point out that this upper limit will not be sustainable, but will eventually lead to resource depletion and population decline. Seip (1992) found that high wolf predation on caribou in the Quesnel Lake area resulted in a decline in the population, while low wolf predation in the Wells Gray Provincial Park resulted in a slowly increasing population. Wolf predation at the Quesnel Lake area remained high despite a fifty percent decline in the caribou population, indicating that mortality due to predation was not density-dependent within this range of population densities. Dale et al. (1994), in their study of wolves and caribou in Gates National Park and Preserve, showed that wolf predation can be an important limiting factor at low caribou population densities, and may have an anti-regulatory effect. They also state that wolf predation may affect the distribution and abundance of caribou populations. Bergerud and Ballard (1988), in their interpretation of the Nelchina caribou herd case history, said that during and immediately following a reduction in the wolf population, calf recruitment increased, which should result in a future caribou population increase. Gasaway et al. (1983) also indicated that wolf predation can sufficiently increase

Program Development And Director(articles T Be Read) Article

Program Development And Director(articles T Be Read) Article Program Development And Director(articles T Be Read) – Article Example Program Development and Director al Affiliation Data collection and analysis is the focal part of any research. However, during a study the participants may encounter several challenges that could affect the data collection and analysis. An analysis of Celine Mercier’s work on the multi-component program aimed at improving health and social services to the homeless several challenges manifested. First, the program was complex due to its magnitude. Finance also posed a serious challenge; the plan was forced to operate on a limited budget (Mercier 1997). Teams were required to produce reports regularly and on a timely basis. Additionally, in the data collection and analysis the qualitative approach taken resulted in some level of anxiety, as it does not offer the participants any control over the information collected during the study (Mercier 1997). Many of the individuals involved in the evaluation steering committee did not take part in the actual evaluation. Resulting in a d isconnect between planning and implementation. These challenges affected data collection and analysis. Finance could be a challenge to my study. To monitor and evaluate a child and family welfare would require constant data collection, storage and evaluation. To tackle this challenge proposal for funding would be presented to various child and family welfare organization to help bridge any deficit in the budget. Witken (1994) suggests that a need assessment should be done before the actual evaluation is commences. Needs assessment will enable the identification of the study group as well as all the resources required to assess this population (Witken, 1994) Due to the difficulty in accessing finances, a needs assessment is necessary before the actual evaluation. Financial challenges in needs assessment have however, reduced largely. Needs assessment targets a particular portion of any population, and there has been increased interest to fund studies on particular groups within the s ociety. Nevertheless, there are still numerous challenges facing needs assessment. There exists no clear distinction between need and demands of the target population. Experts also tend to confuse primary and secondary needs. The research has thus over the years focused on second and third level needs while completely ignoring the primary needs. Written questionnaires followed by structured interviews are the methods used to conduct needs assessment. However, scholars argue that the use of only these two methods does not represent the true picture since different methods are bound to produce varying lists of needs. These are some of the shortcomings of needs assessment when compared to project evaluation. A needs assessment model is necessary before an evaluation is done. Berberet (2006) proposes that an integrated needs assessment model should have various aspects. Firstly, the needs assessment should employ qualified personnel (Berberet, 2006) the qualified workforce will then be able to collect data, analyze the data and provide results. A good team should invest time, money and exercise perseverance. Data collection is considered the most important aspect of the needs assessment study. The data aids in the determination of the needs of the target population, the service provider can use the data to allocate resources appropriately and plan all activities in line with the data collected.References Berberet, H. (2006). A Model Of Integrated Assessment of Need and Programme Planning. Putting the Pieces together for Queer Youth, 85(2), 361-384. Mercier, C. (1997). A Case Study. Participation in Stakeholder-Based Evaluation, 20(4), 467-475. Witken, R. (1994). The State of the Practice. Needs Assessment Since 1981, 1(1), 17-26.

Organisational Structure and Change ( MANAGEMENT Subject ) Essay

Organisational Structure and Change ( MANAGEMENT Subject ) - Essay Example It is logical to think about the relevance of the Toyota way into industries outside the manufacturing sphere as well – Services organizations like Banks and Software companies have tried and assimilated the ‘factory’ model of Toyota as well as the ‘Lean’ manufacturing principles. What follows here, is a critical analysis of the pro’s and con’s of adopting the Toyota operative model into the service industry, particularly banks. The Toyota experience spells a success story and a story of survival with sheer grit, persistence and tenacity amidst periods of fluctuating fortunes across the decades. Likewise, fabled banks have their own stories of how they have (and have not) survived to this day. If one were to explore the validity of Toyota’s fundamental principles and their applicability to the Banking industry, the following aspects seem pertinent: a) Governance and Ethics are the pillars of Toyota – needless to assert, these have been the sustainers and destroyers of Banks today, especially in the context of the economic turmoil of the past few months. Banks that were seemingly invincible just a year ago have bitten the dust and sunk without a trace. Hence, Toyota, in stark contrast, demonstrates what strong governance and ethics can do for a company’s survival. b) Back from the brink and flourishing thereafter – Toyota almost collapsed during the Korean War and was saved only because of an order of trucks that came from the US army in 1950 – Toyota has ‘never’ forgotten this bitter lesson and the company thrives to this day on what it proudly calls the value system of ‘presumptions of imperfection’ – others would term it as healthy paranoia.. In direct contrast, Banks have in recent times turned adventurous, invested recklessly, served bad credits, and quite simply, collapsed – Bringing in

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Taxation - Essay Example s taxation is replete with various complexities and disparities, while saving is discouraged in many ways, wherein simple interest-bearing accounts are meted out the harshest treatment, while the same time other types of savings are granted large-scale benefits for tax savings (Mirrlees, Adam, Besley, et al., 2012). This disparity and intricacy in tax treatment have led to the emergence of an industry that thrives on simply advising people on the nature of their savings allocation that is not based on the best form of underlying investments, but is more dependent on the form of tax treatment. In this context, the essay provides a brief review of the Mirrlees Review’s recommendation to provide a tax system with a neutral treatment of life-cycle savings for the vast majority of taxpayers. The Mirrlees Review aimed at addressing the challenge of designing a tax system that would enable the UK government to raise revenues necessary for achieving its distributional and spending objectives, while lowering its administrative and economic inefï ¬ ciencies and avoiding disparity in tax treatment across citizens and different types of economic activities. It main principle behind all its proposals was the framing of a progressive, neutral tax system, wherein the three words ‘progressive,’ ‘neutral,’ and ‘system’ form to be the important keywords that are suggestive of the main findings of the Review. Therefore, it can be suggested that first, policy makers must aim at designing a tax system that functions effectively as a ‘system.’ The way in which different taxes can be assembled together is important, as is a clarity regarding the role played by each tax within the system. Second, distribution plays a major role within the system of tax and beneï ¬ ts, similarly the trade-off between efficiency and redistribution is at the core of tax policy related debates. The redistribution ambit is ascertained by society’s choices and the system effect is based on

Final Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Final - Research Paper Example Summary of Literature Review The review of three different research articles has been conducted for supporting the proposed subject matter. Chow, Jaffee and Snowden in the year of 2003 concluded that in the High Poverty Areas African-American males, along with those individuals who belong to some other minority groups, are standing at odds to get the hold of quality mental health treatment on their own basis as compared to those African-Americans males who belong to the affluent community or Low Poverty Area’s (LPA). They further reported that the social service providers or agencies are most likely to provide such services to those who belong to HPAs; moreover, there are some cases in which law-enforcement agencies correspond with them to endow this community with certain mental health services than to the individuals in the LPAs. Chow, Jaffee & Snowden (2003) came up with all-inclusive outcomes in this regard for the male population of African-American’s in the United States by representing 30.3% of such incidences among the total sample population in their conducted survey; on the other hand, this representation with respect to the total populace is somewhere around 25%. The literature review above is a clear case of disparity in the legal system as well as disparity in the distribution of national resources. This should be a major case for worry people of the indication that not all people within the African American community receive the same treatment from State authorities. As a matter of fact, the health needs of the citizenry should be something that should be considered with the best of vigilance and fairness. This is because of the important role that quality healthcare plays in the economic and general development and growth of the country. It is observed that more health among the citizenry accounts for up to 12% of all cases of under production in various departments, organizations and companies (Chow, Jaffe and Snowden, 2003). The r elation that this statistics have with the above literature is that if the anomaly of healthcare provision disparities are not addressed, the high poverty areas of America will continue to experience poverty. This is because the indwellers will not be in a position to give off their best in working for the country. Contradicting to Chow et al, Thornton & Carter in the year of 1975 put forward their discussion in which they highlight the projected theme by establishing their firmly researched statements that the African-American males who come up with poor financial status clearly depict lack of access to mental health services for their mental illness just because of their poverty, diminutive social status and poor relations with the higher authorities and thus, they are exposed to such social discrimination by having minimal access to mental health services by all means. There are a plenty of researches and literatures in this context which evidently draw that for ensuring the acce ss of poor African-American to mental health services for their mental health treatments there must be an approach adopted by the concerned communal groups to endow the deprived African-Americans with the medical services so that they can meet their psychological needs and an unbiased environment could be established within the same community of people belonging to same race and creed. In inference, Chow et al, Thorn

Creative about recruiting

Creative about recruiting Question 1: How can Helen and Jesse be creative about recruiting top-notch people for the housekeeping department? Helen and Jesse have to create an atmosphere in which people believe in strategy, believe in management decisions, and believe in their work in order to create recruiting top-notch people for the housekeeping department. Additionally, people believe in management decisions, there is an enthusiasm within an organization. According to Chowdhury, 2000 such an atmosphere makes an organization do well; furthermore, successful leaders make this sort of environment equally inside and outside the organization. Jesse Rodriquez as a HR manager has to create a motivational atmosphere through setting a positive example through the utilization of good leadership practices. Moreover he must be good leader considering the fact that â€Å"leadership is a relationship through which one person influences the behavior or actions of other people† (Mullins, 2005) In addition Helen and Jesse must motivate potential employees because motivated employees help organizations to survive. Motivated employees are more productive. To be effective, Helen and Jesse need to understand what motivates employees within the context of the roles they perform. According to Maslow, employees have five levels of needs (Maslow, 1943): physiological, safety, social, ego, and self- actualizing. Maslow argued that lower level needs had to be satisfied before the next higher level need would motivate employees. Herzbergs work categorized motivation into two factors: motivators and hygienes (Herzberg, Mausner, Snyderman, 1959). Motivator or intrinsic factors, such as achievement and recognition, produce job satisfaction. Hygiene or extrinsic factors, such as pay and job security, produce job dissatisfaction. Furthermore, management team must make employees feel important and treat employees fairly and equitably. Moreover, the implement job satisfaction to their employees is required. Employees that feel they are a valued and integral part of the organization are likely to remain with the property for extended periods of time. Human resources manager must be good communicator team player and to power to his employees constantly and continue to improve overall group performance. Employees that believe their managers will lend support and reinforcement during challenging times are more likely to remain with the organization for the long term A good operating system and adequate training are essential. Employees need the proper tools and support to do the job. A performance-based compensation plan should be designed very carefully to ensure that your employees are encouraged to help build the business and are rewarded for their contributions, and provide as many extra benefits as possible. A positive corporate culture and a pleasant work environment are more important than money to most good employees. Question 2: What kind of support should Helen and Jesse ask the general manager to provide? The general manager has to support these ideas in order to give opportunity to these systems to be effective. Manager need to demonstrate a truthful sense of caring about employees and what is important to them. Manager has to help employees refocus on the demands of their roles and on the skills, knowledge and talents they bring to their jobs.. For employees to engage and commit to their employer, they need: A strong relationship with their manager; Clear communication from their manager; A clear path set for concentrating on what they do best; Strong co-worker relationships; A strong commitment to their co-workers so they will take risks and stretch for excellence; and Opportunities to learn and grow.

Lawyers’ Role in Dispute Resolution Essay -- Law Legal Lawyer

Lawyers’ Role in Dispute Resolution Modern American culture provides an inconsistent vision of the role of lawyers in dispute resolution. Lawyers are alternately portrayed as greedy, corrupt people without morals or as necessary and competent allies in protecting individuals against larger and better-funded opponents. In reality, while lawyers have the definite capability to change the outcome of a dispute in a negative way, they ultimately have a positive effect by allowing citizens access to the legal system. By its very nature, the legal system is confusing, puts the inexperienced at a disadvantage, and can be difficult to access for claimants with little authority. Lawyers provide a way to overcome these obstacles. They are beneficial because they effectively use their experience and education to help their clients, facilitate their client’s freedom in trial, aid in the formation of cases, and add authority and weight to a claim. The experience and education lawyers have is invaluable in providing legal access for their clients. Their knowledge and skill allow lawyers to effectively interpret the legal system and therefore help their clients navigate it. The American legal system, in the two hundred years it has been in existence, has become extremely complex and confusing to the uninitiated. The trial process alone can become a Byzantine series of motions, objections, briefs, and rulings. Despite the fact that defendants are allowed to represent themselves, the very structure of the system is so complicated that being or employing a professional lawyer is all but necessary. Legal documents, too, are so confusing that even non-trial disputes can be impossible for a layman to handle. A lawyer’s training i... ...nore, Peter d’Errico, Ethan Katsh, Ronald M. Pipkin, Janet Rifkin (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002) 76-83. Langum, David J. â€Å"William M. Kunstler: The Most Hated Lawyer in America, Introduction to Legal Studies: A Reader, ed. Thomas Hilbink, 2005, 83-97. Haltom, William. Michael McCann, â€Å"Distorting the Law: Politics, Media, and the Litigation Crisis,† Introduction to Legal Studies: A Reader, ed. Thomas Hilbink, 2005, 23-46. Menkel-Meadow, Carrie. â€Å"The Transformation of Legal Disputes by Lawyers: What the Dispute Paradigm Does and Does Not Tell Us,† Before the Law: An Introduction to the Legal Process. Ed. Stephen Arons, John J Bonsignore, Peter d’Errico, Ethan Katsh, Ronald M. Pipkin, Janet Rifkin (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2002) 478-480 Toobin, Jeffrey. â€Å"Killer Instinct,† Introduction to Legal Studies: A Reader, ed. Thomas Hilbink, 2005, 251-260.

EXP Syllabus

I will be grading it relatively harshly, but†¦ If you want to raise your grade, you can make the edits I have suggested, and turn the new paper in ALONG WITH the original, edited paper, and that will raise your grade quite a bit. Goal: the goal here is to work on 3 things: allowing you to investigate a memory related topic of your choice, increasing your military with research/scientific methodology, and working on your writing and editing skills. Due Date: there will be 3 times in this semester when papers will be handed in to me, but you only have to do ONE paper.I'm having you all not turn them all in at once because that would take me forever to grade, as I put in a lot of effort to helping you edit and learn to do scientific writing. First Batch of Papers, due: 2/10 Second Batch of Papers, due: 317 Third Batch of Papers, due: 3/31 You will sign up for which date you want to turn in your paper during class. I will pass around 3 sheets and it will be first come first serve. A s such, I'm guessing most people will sign in for the latest date, but if you do get stuck with the early ones, it will probably be a good thing.The semester always gets busier as you go, so I bet it will help to get this out of the way early so you can focus on other classes. Sons Studies. Simply sign-up and participate in 4 credits worth of Sons studies. If you do that, this portion of your grade will be the full 20%. These are GAME POINTS, so easy to get full credit here, so get them done early. Participation. We will have numerous in-class discussions, which should give you n opportunity for me to learn who you are. Definitely speak up and don't be shy; being active in your education is very important.Another opportunity for participation points will be in-class activities! I will have you do various things and put your name on it, if you do a good Job and take the activities seriously, that will count towards your participation grade. Extra Credit. I will randomly give out pop quizzes in class, but they will be worth extra credit only. They can't hurt your grade. There will also be extra credit available to the winning teams during our Jeopardy view days. Warning: on top of the usual topics, there will be an â€Å"random† category of question.If you'd like additional extra credit, you can sign-up to present your article in front of the class (see course calendar). The presentation will be about 10 minutes long. You will describe the topic/article you read about, discuss your critique of it, and discuss your idea for future studies. Email me EARLY to reserve a spot. Slots will be filled on a first come first serve basis. Course Policies: Attendance is NOT mandatory. There is no way to take attendance in a class like this. However, you will miss out on some opportunities if you don't show up.Participation is highly encouraged. I will be calling on people, some who raise their hands and some who do not raise their hands. If this makes you really anxio us, you may email Honesty: This course operates on the University's Code of Academic Integrity. This Code of Academic Integrity reflects the values articulated in the Student Code of Standards. All students are expected to adhere to a standard of academic conduct, which demonstrates respect for themselves, their fellow students, and the educational mission of Florida International University. No cheating, no popularizing.

Trade in “Things Fall apart” Essay Essays

Trade in â€Å"Things Fall apart† Essay Essays Trade in â€Å"Things Fall apart† Essay Paper Trade in â€Å"Things Fall apart† Essay Paper Essay Topic: Things Fall apart In the fresh â€Å"Things autumn apart† by Chinua Achebe adult females are considred as a low in society. because as stated in the book. Okonkwo hated his male parent because of his being frail. weak and ignoble. Those work forces who have no rubric are called agbala or â€Å"woman† . ( Achebe 143 ) Work forces are the huntsmans and husbandmans of the small town. because they have the strength to work. Because adult females where weak and frail they stay at their places and market places. Womans in the small town play an of import function in the market and in the community. It is confirmed that adult females have places like captain. this place is non administrative. but for of import functions in the market and the community. Women became the merchandisers of the small town. because work forces tend to be out runing. agriculture and making their occupation as administrative functionaries of the small town. maintaining jurisprudence and order in the small town. The chief harvests in Ibo were veggies and yams. Trade with other small towns was done by the usage of cowry shells. these little seashells were used as a signifier of currency. But during the old ages from 1880 to 1960 Europians started to colonise Africa. Trade in these small towns where badly affected. Europians forced Africans to pay revenue enhancement ; these revenue enhancements can besides be paid by pay labour. The Europians besides put up plantations and mines and other working evidences for Africans to work. The Europians chief intent is to bring forth money for them. Some Europians accept revenue enhancement in signifier of merchandises. like woven fabrics made of cotton. Others bring grain as signifier of revenue enhancement. The Europians besides forced Africans to work without payment. Roads and dragoon where physique by the usage of corvee labour. Corvee labour is work without payment. They were besides forced to transport heavy tonss of goods by conveyance colonial decision makers Africans suffered a batch during the colonial period. But since around 1960 Africans started to derive independency and were strugling to recover trade. because the value of chief merchandises that they produce declined in the universe market. Mentions: Achebe. Chinua â€Å"Things autumn apart† ground tackle books. 1958 Chun. June â€Å"The Role of Women in Things Fall Apart† June 12 2007 From: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. bookmans. nus. edu. sg/post/nigeria/women. hypertext markup language Uzoma Onyemaechi â€Å"Igbo Political Systems† June 12 2007 From: hypertext transfer protocol: //www. umunna. org/politicalsystems. htm I read the book Things autumn apart during my HUM 1 category. so I have a background on the novel. I based my essay on the book and other online beginnings that provide information on the trade. civilization and history of Africans. I besides used the links you have provided me. That is how I came up with this essay.

Free Essays on Gulliver’s Change Throughout Gulliver’s Travels

Gulliver’s change throughout Gulliver’s Travels Throughput the book â€Å"Gulliver’s Travels† by Jonathan Swift, the character Gulliver changes many times. During and after part two and four of the book a noticeable change in Gulliver starts to occur. He himself may not see it but the reader sees it and ones attitude towards Gulliver might change due to Gulliver’s changes. Throughout these two parts, we see Gulliver as an adventurous man that wants to see everything that has been created in the world. During his second adventure Gulliver see the opposite side of the spectrum and has to fend for his life because of his small size, which causes him to lose his view of human size when he goes back to England. In addition, he starts to defend England in his talks, which are totally opposite of how he started. In part four we see the most change in Gulliver, he has lost a grip on reality and no longer wants to accept the fact that he is what he is and looks like a Yahoo. In part two and four of Gulliverâ₠¬â„¢s Travels, we see changes within Gulliver. In the second part of the book, Gulliver finds himself living with a group of giants called Brobdingnagians. During his stays with the giants, he is very pleased with their society and the long conversations that he is able to have with the queen. Since he is so tiny, he finds himself defending himself against animals and one man that is upset that he is no longer the smallest man. During his fights, we see Gulliver turning into a fighter because his life depends on how well he can protect himself. In addition, most of all we see Gulliver’s attitude towards England change. We start to see this in his talks with the queen. He defended England because he does not want to admit that the queen is right, that her country is better than his is and that England does not have its country set up so that everyone is equal. Gulliver does know about his change in talk about Engla... Free Essays on Gulliver’s Change Throughout Gulliver’s Travels Free Essays on Gulliver’s Change Throughout Gulliver’s Travels Gulliver’s change throughout Gulliver’s Travels Throughput the book â€Å"Gulliver’s Travels† by Jonathan Swift, the character Gulliver changes many times. During and after part two and four of the book a noticeable change in Gulliver starts to occur. He himself may not see it but the reader sees it and ones attitude towards Gulliver might change due to Gulliver’s changes. Throughout these two parts, we see Gulliver as an adventurous man that wants to see everything that has been created in the world. During his second adventure Gulliver see the opposite side of the spectrum and has to fend for his life because of his small size, which causes him to lose his view of human size when he goes back to England. In addition, he starts to defend England in his talks, which are totally opposite of how he started. In part four we see the most change in Gulliver, he has lost a grip on reality and no longer wants to accept the fact that he is what he is and looks like a Yahoo. In part two and four of Gulliverâ₠¬â„¢s Travels, we see changes within Gulliver. In the second part of the book, Gulliver finds himself living with a group of giants called Brobdingnagians. During his stays with the giants, he is very pleased with their society and the long conversations that he is able to have with the queen. Since he is so tiny, he finds himself defending himself against animals and one man that is upset that he is no longer the smallest man. During his fights, we see Gulliver turning into a fighter because his life depends on how well he can protect himself. In addition, most of all we see Gulliver’s attitude towards England change. We start to see this in his talks with the queen. He defended England because he does not want to admit that the queen is right, that her country is better than his is and that England does not have its country set up so that everyone is equal. Gulliver does know about his change in talk about Engla...

Using formative assessments as an educational leader Assignment

Using formative assessments as an educational leader - Assignment Example For success, students need to understand the goal of learning and the criteria for arriving at this goal. To ensure students understand who they are, the teacher could choose to use student work or classroom tests (Tuttle 2009). Observations test a students’ ability to learn and understand. It involves more than just a stroll in the classroom when students are undertaking a problem. It comes in hand in assisting teachers gather and record evidence to be used as evidence of student learning which is used as a tool for instructional planning. Questioning strategies when embedded in a lesson planning provides the teacher with significant insight into the degree of understanding of a student. Such questions are useful ion engaging students in classroom dialogue that expand their learning. According to Tuttle (2009), self and peer assessment creates a learning community in class. Student keep track of important information to help them in understanding important concepts learned in class. This does not only engage students but helps them know where they started gauge their progress in the learning process. Formative assessment thus provides information needed teaching and learning while it is actually in

Claim and fact Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Claim and fact - Essay Example men shun the positions all the same because of the negative perceptions that the society has towards women who are senior in organizations (Deal and Stevenson 289). Such women are believed to have given sexual favors to men to acquire such positions. At times, they are hated by men or even discriminated. A very good example is Margret Thatcher who even to death was hated by many men (Brenner 382). The increasing impact made by women in leadership positions mostly the senior most positions has led to research to examine the effectiveness of women as better leaders. Research shows that it is natural for women to employ some skills. Women are non-coercive, team players as well as a proficient in making better relationships (Kolb et al. 306). Furthermore, female qualities such as expressive, emotional, cooperative, tactful, warm, gentle, and talkative as well as submissive (Park 15).These qualities of women make them have a more nurturing, motivational as well as based on relationships their work. Women juggle with a lot of house work. They cook, raise children, and they do laundry as well as they clean the house at the same time they go to work. It is very challenging to do housework as well as be a career woman yet women still succeed. This has made them know how to prioritize their work. Men lack priority in their type of leadership skills. Organizations require prioritization. Men are aggressive, and task oriented while women work on the relationships of the employees. This in turn results in a better outcome. Women are more transformational leadership works well in any organization. This the best type of leadership that is required in any organization. Women model their organizations they take them as their responsibility. They know that that it is their home. There is a famous saying that says â€Å"give a woman a house and she makes it home.† This simply means that women transform everything that is left under their care. Every place that requires a leader